This research and reference text will review the latest research on bionanocomposite materials, including current trends and how the materials are used for various applications. The text will cover the step-by-step synthesis, fabrication and characterization of a broad range of bionanocomposites and will examine the role of nanotechnology in the enhancement of composite properties. Comprehensive information about the development, research gaps and future possibilities of these materials will be provided. The applications of bionanocomposites in various fields will also be discussed, including drug delivery, nanomedicine, tissue engineering, sensors, electronic and photonic devices, food packaging, energy harvesting and environmental applications, with a focus on sustainability. The text will cover the importance of sustainable and biodegradable materials in the field of nanomaterials and the circular economy, and open new opportunities for research.