Animal science is the study of the biology of animals, which live under human control. These animals include livestock species as well as pets. The fundamental themes of study in animal science are the areas of animal breeding, food and fiber production, nutrition as well as the understanding of animal behavior and welfare. The discipline of animal science is approached from a scientific framework of principles of genetics, microbiology, reproduction and physiology. This book attempts to understand the multiple branches that fall under the discipline of animal science and how such concepts have practical applications. While understanding the long-term perspectives of the topics, the textbook makes an effort in highlighting their impact as a modern tool for the growth of the field. It will serve as a reference to a broad spectrum of readers.